Form optimization of a multifaceted building and its relationship to the surroundings for photovoltaic distributed energy generation and energy consumption
The development of parametric modeling tools and software that allow the integration between building's modeling and evaluation of its performance have created new methods of design. In simulation-based optimization, performance is the determinant factor on the acceptance of design solutions. In this paper, optimization-based simulation was applied to a study of the form of the Museum of Image and Sound (MIS), located in Rio de Janeiro, for the creation of building models with multifaceted façades with an integrated photovoltaic system. In the first stage of the work, MIS' main façade was parameterized with the application of photovoltaic modules in some surfaces and optimized to identify solutions of best performance for electricity generation. It was identified that photovoltaic modules tilts had a higher impact than their areas on the energy performance due to the parameterization limitations. In the second stage, a building model of multifaceted façades was created with the parameterization of some elements in the façades. The building was inserted in urban contexts for three Brazilian cities. The optimization-based simulation was applied to maximize the electricity generation by the photovoltaic modules and minimize heat loads. It was identified that, for Curitiba's case, the percentage of heating and cooling demand supplied by photovoltaic generation can reach up to 90,2% for the optimized cases for photovoltaic generation; for Belo Horizonte, the percentage reaches up to 50.7%; and for Recife, up to 30.5% only. For the best cases for heat loads, the conditioning demand supplied by the PV system in Curitiba reaches up to 53.3%; in Belo Horizonte, 32.4% and in Recife, 11.9%. The optimization-based simulation allowed the creation of solutions with a variety of up to 340.8% in energy generation (Recife's case) and up to 26.2% of variation in thermal load (Curitiba's case), proving to be an important tool for the obtainment of high thermo-energetic performance solutions. The method also allowed the identification of formal trends for the best solutions in each studied city.
Dissertação: clique aqui